Kazakh and English names: similarities



В статье рассматриваются сходства казахских и английских имен. Сходства имен выявлены по фонетическим, семантическим признакам.

Ключевые слова: антропонимы, уникалии, фреквенталии, лексическое значение, фонетика

The aim of the research

to research similarities of the Kazakh and English names

to identify common cultural values of English and Kazakh

Object

Kazakh and English names

Subject

Structure and semantics of Kazakh and English names

Methods:

We used a method of component analysis as an effective means of studying the lexical meaning, as well as methods of continuous sampling and field work (in the collection of factual material), the reception of quantitative calculations, which allowed us to determine the percentage of matched language units for various reasons, and in some cases used etymological analysis.

We used an interview method. We interviewed a number of teachers who came from England, Canada and the USA, working in the Nazarbayev Intellectual school.

Stages in the collection of the material

The material was collected in several stages:

Stage I — continuous sampling personal names from various sources (anthroponomical dictionaries, literary texts and materials available on the Internet, etc.);

Stage II — analysis of the results of questioning and interviewing;

Stage III — minimizing body personal names through repeated differentiation, frequency of use nicknames, abbreviations, diminutive, endearing name forms.

Relevance of Research

The relevance of the research is in the structural and semantic description of informal personal names and in the clarification of anthroponomical functioning in various linguistic-cultural communities.

The scientific novelty of the work

The scientific novelty: this research work gave a complete description of the structural and semantic, motivational identity of personal names in different structural languages; ​​identified patterns of naming personal names of people with similar meanings in different cultures and matched their tendencies; conducted a comprehensive study of the interaction of national cultures at anthroponomical units.

The theoretical significance

The theoretical significance of the project is to explore the cultural identity of personal names in the Kazakh and English anthroponomical systems, comparative study of personal names by which it is possible to identify their universal and culture-specific properties, and that the work contributes to the modern Kazakh and English onomastics in contrastive and typological study of Kazakh and English languages.

The practical significance

The practical significance of the project is application to the learning of the Kazakh and English languages.

Research Hypothesis

Despite the different structure of languages Kazakh and English)and the differences in the mentality of people, members of these ethnic groups, the naming system has a similar history and trends, as well as two completely different people have names with the same value, it indicates the similarity of people's values (religion, happiness, joy, love, peace, valor etc)

Kazakh and English names’ similarities: similarities

Phonetic similarities

During the research we have found some interesting facts about phonetic similarities between Kazakh and English names. We thought, that these similarities are the result of historical loanword. The names like Maria, Aidan, Lily, Adam, Eric, Sara, Diana, Aaliyah, Altair, Arman, Alan in English have their identical form in Kazakh: Maeriya, Aidan, Liliya, Adam, Eric, Sara, Diana, Alia, Altair, Arman, Alan.

Semantic similarities

We have already mentioned, that in Kazakh and English a name has some semantic meaning. One of our aims was to find semantic identical names in Kazakh and English. We have studied different kind of dictionaries of names and have found many examples of identical names. There are:

English Name	Kazakh Name	Meaning
Adolph	Qasqyrbay	wolf
Allan	Aedemi	beauty
Arnold	Byrkit	eagle
Archibald
Bad, Baddy	Dos, Doszhan	friend
Benedict		blessed
Blize, Bliss	Baqyt, Quanysh	Joy, Happiness
Bolduin	Dosym	Brave Friend
Brian	Zhiger	Power
Brendan	Hanzada	Prince
Broderic	Arman	Dream
Broke	Tasqyn
Valentine		Healthy,
Viktor	Zhengis	Won
Darvin	Zhandos	Dear friend
Jeremi,
Esther	Zhuldyz	star
Jonathan, Taddeus	Allaberdy, Kudaybergen	Given from God
Justice	Aedilet
Jaidon	Asyl
Kolamban	Koegershin
Leonard, Leo	Arystan	lion
Nicolas, Nikky	Zhengis	Won
Robert	Ayqyn	famous
Traern	Temir, Timur	iron
Wisdom	Aqyl	wise
Hillary	Baqyt	Joy, happiness
Hubert		Heart,

Common values of English and Kazakh

The analyses of similarities of Kazakh and English meanings of names shows, that people have the same ideas, interests, hope, thoughts, trust, values such as religion, bravery, good heart, praise of beauty, courage and etc.

We have studied 2466 English female names, 1737 English male names and 841 Kazakh male names 483 Kazakh female names. The difference between numbers of English and Kazakh names happens due to the fact that in English reduced names can be spelt as official ones.

We divided all names into 9 groups: religion, love, animals, courage, family, nature, weapons, myth and magic personage, emotion (happy, joy, fun etc.). This table shows division the names on these signs:

Category	English female names	English male names	Kazakh female names	Kazakh male names
Religion	30 %	40 %	28,5 %	30 %
Love	15 %	0,6 %	11 %	0,5 %
Animals	0,5 %	2,7 %	20 %	18 %
Courage	10 %	20 %	15 %	16 %
Family	10 %	10 %	5,5 %	13 %
Nature	10 %	10 %	9,5 %	13 %
Weapons	15 %	16 %	0,7 %	3 %
Myth, magic personage	0,5 %	5.35 %	3,3 %	1,5 %
Emotion (joy, happiness)	0,5 %	5,35 %	6 %	5 %

4. Conclusion

1. Religion had great influence on the anthroponomical system of the two languages.
2. Social-political and historical-cultural processes taking place in the social life of the people played an important role in the development and formation of the Kazakh and English anthroponomy.
3. Kazakh names as well as the English Puritan names can contain the meaning of the sentence: Barzhaқsy (all good), Zholzhaқsy (the road is good), Allaberdі (gave him), Kүntuar (sun rises), etc.
4. Modern British and Americans, as well as the Kazakhs have returned to the traditional naming from time to time enriching its borrowings from other languages ​​and invented new names.

References:

1. Мюллер В. К. Англо-русский словарь личных имен.
2. Wikipedia: English given names. Behind The Name: English Names.
3. Iseabail Mcleod Wordsworth Dictionary of First Names / Terry Freedman.
4. A World of Baby Names. Teresa Norman.
5. Curiosities of Puritan nomenclature. Charles Bardsley — 1897.
6. The romance of names. Ernest Weekley 1914.
7. History of Christian names. Charlotte Mary Yonge 1863.
8. Surnames of the United Kingdom: A Concise Etymological Dictionary.
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10. Names of people of Kazakhstan: A Reference Manual, 1991.
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