Prospects and trends of knowledge management



As the intellectual capital of an organization, knowledge has become the first strategic resource in economic development. For enterprises, knowledge has become a key input factor and core asset, and knowledge plays a key role in the creation of enterprise value. From the macro level, it occupies the leading position in the theory of economic growth, and economists have made a more in-depth study on it. For managers at the micro level, this change is more profoundly reflected in the value creation of enterprises. Managers of enterprises increasingly realize that knowledge (the intellectual capital of organizations) has become a competition in a highly competitive world with high-speed operation. One of the decisive factors of competitive advantage is that knowledge and its learning exchange represent the important source of competitive advantage. They also further recognize that the effective management and activation of knowledge capital in enterprises is an increasingly urgent task.

Keywords: intellectual capital, knowledge management, economic development.

Как интеллектуальный капитал организации, знания стали первым стратегическим ресурсом в экономическом развитии. Для предприятий знания стали ключевым входным фактором и основным активом, а знания играют ключевую роль в создании ценности предприятия. На макроуровне она занимает лидирующие позиции в теории экономического роста, и экономисты более углубленно изучают ее. Для менеджеров на микроуровне это изменение более глубоко отражается на создании стоимости предприятий. Руководители предприятий все чаще осознают, что знания (интеллектуальный капитал организаций) превратились в конкурентное преимущество в высококонкурентном мире с высокоскоростными операциями. Одним из решающих факторов конкурентного преимущества является то, что знания и обмен ими являются важным источником конкурентного преимущества. Они также признают, что эффективное управление и активизация капитала знаний на предприятиях становится все более актуальной задачей.

Ключевые слова: интеллектуальный капитал, управление знаниями, экономическое развитие

Current Situation of Enterprise Knowledge Management

Knowledge management has undergone tremendous changes in the past decade, from pure theorization to the application of the world's top 500 enterprises, from simple management mode to the most suitable IT landing, from disorderly development to the systematization of knowledge strategy. Today, we begin to fully meet the third generation of knowledge management based on Microsoft Share point 2010. In the third generation of knowledge management, professional network is included in knowledge management. Meanwhile, the concepts of intellectual capital, personal capital, social capital and community of practice are put forward. The core of the third generation knowledge management is COP.

It is proposed that social capital is to create knowledge by combining the thoughts, feelings and actions of all members of a team. Social capital is not only to strengthen the relationship between members, but also to guide cooperation within and across teams. When knowledge management is done well, we don't have to start from scratch every time. We can produce good solutions in a short time. From professional network to personal knowledge, from personal knowledge to personal capital, from personal capital to social capital. When we analyze their definitions in depth, we will find that the three core concepts of knowledge, relationship network and scope have been running through the whole process. There are two kinds of knowledge: one is tangible explicit knowledge, such as text materials, CD-ROM, etc. The other is hidden in the human brain, which has not yet formed tacit knowledge. It is precisely tacit knowledge that creates the greatest value in today's management, and at the same time loses the greatest value, so it is also the most critical. Through more than 10 years of research and investigation, the International Knowledge Management Association has found that more than 60 % of the precious knowledge existing in enterprises belongs to tacit knowledge. The comprehensive solution of knowledge management based on Microsoft Sharepoint 2010 can not only solve the precipitation, sharing and reuse of explicit knowledge. And it can realize tacit knowledge sharing, and carry out systematic innovation based on it, at the same time improve work efficiency, help it achieve the strategic objectives of the enterprise.

Development Trend of Knowledge Management

Enterprise knowledge management is a cross-disciplinary science that spans management, cognitive science and information science. This requires us to make a comprehensive study of enterprise knowledge management by using the thought and method of system engineering. Only by systematically integrating the relevant research results from different fields can enterprise knowledge management really play its role in improving enterprise decision-making ability and improving enterprise market. Field reaction speed, rapid processing of customer relations so as to maintain the role of sustainable competitive advantage of enterprises.

We can discuss its development trend from two aspects: the concept of enterprise knowledge management and the method of enterprise knowledge management technology.

Development Trend of Ideas

The purpose of enterprise knowledge management is to improve enterprise intelligence quotient, and the improvement of enterprise intelligence quotient mainly depends on the extensive sharing of information and knowledge among employees and enterprises. This requires enterprises to have an active and open enterprise culture, that is, learning culture, team culture and sharing culture. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an enterprise culture to meet the needs of enterprise knowledge management. To change the mode of thinking, we must learn to learn effectively, and be good at improving the ability and quality of enterprises by sharing information, knowledge and spiritual mode, so as to adapt to the challenges of new situation, new knowledge and new methods. A healthy and effective corporate culture is essential to the implementation of enterprise knowledge management.

Knowledge management requires breaking the traditional pyramid-like organizational structure of enterprises and establishing flexible and agile organizational structure of knowledge-based enterprises. Under the influence and promotion of knowledge management of enterprises, the organizational structure of enterprises has shown the trend of flattening organizational structure and establishing virtual companies or virtual working groups of enterprises. Flattening the organizational structure of an enterprise means reducing its hierarchy. Drucker, the greatest contemporary management master, pointed out in his 1988 article The Emergence of New Organizations that 20 years later, the enterprise type is more like a symphony orchestra, hundreds of musicians, only one conductor. General Electric Corporation's organizational structure has been reduced from 9 to 4 layers, which strengthens the communication between managers and their superiors. Information and knowledge are transmitted rapidly and the results are remarkable.

Development Trend of Technological Methods

Because tacit knowledge is related to the way of thinking and learning ability of human brain, it needs technical support from artificial intelligence, behavioral science and other fields to realize its dominance. So far, there is no feasible way to solve this key problem in knowledge sharing. It will also become a hotspot in the field of knowledge management in the future.

Combining Modern Technology with Enterprise Knowledge Management

Because tacit knowledge is related to the way of thinking and learning ability of human brain, it needs technical support from artificial intelligence, behavioral science and other fields to realize its dominance. So far, there is no feasible way to solve this key problem in knowledge sharing. It will also become a hotspot in the field of knowledge management in the future.

Taking modern information technology as the technology and means to promote the development of enterprise knowledge management will be an important part of the development of enterprise knowledge management, which is mainly embodied in the following aspects:

1) Establishing a network platform for knowledge sharing

Enterprise knowledge sharing platform refers to the platform for transferring and communicating and feeding back knowledge between relevant units inside and outside the enterprise, including communication platform, office platform, document circulation platform and information publishing platform. Through these platforms, enterprises can transfer, exchange and share knowledge and feedback, thus bringing greater benefits to enterprises.

2) Developing more effective knowledge management system

At present, there are two modes of knowledge management system, personalized mode and coding mode.

Knowledge coding constitutive model means that knowledge is coded and stored in the database, and everyone in the company can access it through the computer network. In the personalized mode, the owners of knowledge and knowledge are not separated, and their knowledge is disseminated and shared through direct communication among personnel. The coding mode emphasizes investment in information technology, knowledge can be reused quickly and countless times, and economic benefits of scale are remarkable.

Mining Unstructured Knowledge

Mining and utilizing unstructured knowledge is the key to the success of applying knowledge management in enterprises, and it is also the most difficult point of knowledge management. It is difficult to effectively express and transmit the sense and ability that can be used to make decisions based on the experience and lessons learned from practice. How to excavate such knowledge possessed by the members of the organization, especially the core members of the organization, and transform it into knowledge that can be exchanged and shared, so that it can fully develop its potential and be continued, is still worthy of further study.

To sum up, enterprise knowledge management is based on learning, team and shared corporate culture; building virtual organization and organizational structure flattening; establishing effective incentive mechanism; making full use of modern information technology and network technology, cultivating team and learning, and incorporating teaching and learning achievements into performance appraisal system to establish knowledge suitable for enterprise characteristics. Understanding management system and brand-new enterprise management mode, so as to achieve the goal of improving enterprise management modernization level, enhancing enterprise competitiveness and maintaining sustainable competitive advantage.

References:

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