Today, the rapidly growing demand of the population for agricultural products shows that there is an urgent need for diversification in agriculture. As a result of agricultural diversification, it is possible to increase the volume of agricultural products in accordance with market demand, increase income from processing, cooperative relations and enterprises that directly produce agricultural products.
Keywords: malnutrition problem, improvement of the system, import of seeds, pedigree livestock, mineral fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary medicine, a mill.
Сегодня стремительно растущий спрос населения на сельскохозяйственную продукцию показывает, что существует необходимость в диверсификации и в сельском хозяйстве. В результате диверсификации сельского хозяйства можно увеличить объем сельскохозяйственной продукции в соответствии с рыночным спросом, увеличить доход от переработки, кооперативных отношений и предприятий, которые непосредственно производят сельскохозяйственную продукцию.
Ключевые слова: проблема недоедания, улучшение системы, завоз семян, племенного скота, минеральных удобрений, пестицидов, ветеринария, мельница.
The negative impact of COVID-19 on the global economy is causing many problems. Expert reports from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and other international organizations predict that the economies of many developed and developing countries will slow down by 2021. In addition, the shutdown of manufacturing plants will exacerbate the world's food insecurity and problems.
Developing food strategies to increase global production and protect the consumer market is an important issue. Indeed, “... more than 840 million people in the world today, or one in nine people are malnourished, and more than 30 percent of the world's population suffers from malnutrition. Therefore, the issue of food security is becoming more acute from year to year on the basis of mitigating the gap between the limited opportunities to increase agricultural production in accordance with the per capita medical norm.
The drastic changes in the global climate, the growing population and the growing demand for agricultural products make it necessary to continue reforms in the sector. As a result of global warming and pollution, the World Health Organization recognizes the need to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables from agricultural products to 400–500 grams per day, but, unfortunately, this average is 150–200 grams worldwide. International nutritionists recommend that fruits and vegetables make up at least 50 percent of the food consumed by humans.
Proposals developed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan to coordinate the processes of cultivation, processing and sale of products on the basis of the «Association of Dehkan Farms» have been implemented (Reference of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 22, 2019 No. № 02 / 020–14). The introduction of these recommendations is based on increasing the economic efficiency of production on farms by 20–25 %; Proposals to improve the system of services in the activities of farms on the basis of the organization of «Supply and Service» were implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Reference of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 22, 2019 No № 02 / 020–14). This includes the provision of information and consulting services to farmers, information on land cultivation, planting, livestock and poultry, the supply of seeds, pedigree cattle, mineral fertilizers, pesticides, as well as the organization of veterinary, mill and juvenile repair services. serves to solve problems.
Today, the rapidly growing demand of the population for agricultural products shows that there is an urgent need for diversification in agriculture as well. As a result of diversification in agriculture, it is possible to increase the volume of agricultural products in line with market demand, increase the income of processing, cooperative relations and direct agricultural producers. Even on a farm that grows the most basic foodstuffs, economic efficiency can be achieved through diversification.
At present, promising programs for the development of farms in the country are being developed and mechanisms for their implementation are being identified. In solving the tasks set out in these programs, in our opinion, is the implementation of diversification of production on farms.
Diversification is one of the most pressing issues today, especially for farmers and landowners. This is because the results of the research show that most farms produce the bulk of their produce only for family needs, while only a portion is sold to the market. Even today, peasant farms are moving from a subsistence farm to a commodity farm, unlike in the past.
Farmer is a free, independent business entity. For those engaged in various sectors of the economy, private subsidiary farms have been tasked with making efficient use of labor resources in their spare time. The farm aims not only to make efficient use of free time from work, but also to produce products for the market. Today, the farm is one of the main subjects of economic activity due to its socio-economic nature — it reflects some aspects of the household and the firm, and plays an important role in increasing incomes and food security.
Another important reason for the great attention paid to the development of farms is that the effective operation of these entities depends on their stable operation without requiring large investments. The creation of a free competitive environment in the context of market relations will ensure the development of this area rather than leading to more crises.
References:
- Usmanov S., Muminov A., Alimov P. Ways of development of land management-T.: «Knowledge society», 1991. — 25 p
- Kopach K. V. Personal subsidiary farming of the rural population and its integration with social production. — M.: Informagroteh, 1991.
- Golovanov A. A. The peasantry of Uzbekistan: the evolution of the social situation 1917–1937 — T.: «Fan», 1992. — 169 p.
- Balandin Yu.S. Peasant economy. — M.: «Agropromizdat», 1992. — 80 p.
