This article examines the positive impact of the Constitution of the Russian Federation on the state and society. Unique signs distinguishing it from other normative legal acts are identified. The question of the origin of this source of law, as well as the participation of the presidents of the Russian Federation in its development, is being discussed in this article.
Keywords: Constitution of the Russian Federation, normative legal act, sources of law, law, contract, public relations, state.
В данной статье рассматривается положительное влияние Конституции Российской Федерации на государство и общество. Обозначены уникальные признаки, отличающие её от других нормативно-правовых актов. Затрагивается вопрос возникновения данного источника права, а также участия президентов Российской Федерации в ее развитии.
Ключевые слова: Конституция Российской Федерации, нормативный правовой акт, источники права, закон, договор, общественные отношения, государство.
At the moment there are no more than ten states that do not have a Constitution. These include the United Kingdom, Canada, Israel, Sweden and others. In all other countries, it is the central law governing the foundations of the state system and society as a whole.
The Constitution of the Russian Federation is a regulatory legal act that “has the highest legal force, direct effect and is applied throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation” [1].It was adopted as a result of the All-Russian referendum on December 12, 1993. The modern Constitution is not the first in the history of our state. Its predecessors were the Constitutions adopted in 1918, 1925, 1937, 1978.Each of them had a significant impact on the life of society and identified a new stage of its development. An important role in the preparation of a regulatory legal act of 1993 was played by the first president of Russia, Boris Yeltsin.
The Constitution occupies a dominant position among all sources of law — “laws and other legal acts adopted in the Russian Federation must not contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation”. [2] Its distinguishing feature is that it regulates not only one sphere of public relations, but all sectors at once and is being the basis of any legislation in the country. Also, the Constitution is stable and durable, because in order to make any amendments, serious reasons are necessary. [3] The Constitution defines the status of our state, its higher bodies, appoints the order of their formation, regulates the relationship of power structures and the position of citizens towards them.
The Constitution has a special place in the life of every citizen of our country, because it acts as a special contract that is between the state and citizens. The basis of our Constitution is the doctrine of inalienable human rights and the principle of legal equality. The state, acting through the authorities, provides citizens with rights and freedoms, ensures their protection and execution, and citizens have certain duties to the state. [4] The Constitution of the Russian Federation proclaims our country a democratic state, where each of us is the highest value.
Of course, the Constitution has its drawbacks. Valery Dmitriyevich Zorkin, Chairman of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, believes that one should be able to see the problems in time, which cause social tensions and find ways to eliminate them. He considered some of these problems in his article “The Letter and the Spirit of the Constitution.”These include insufficient clarity in determining the status of the presidential administration, the distribution of powers between state authorities, as well as between the Federation and the subjects, etc. But in order to correct these shortcomings, there is no need to adopt a new Constitution, it is enough to make piecemeal changes. The deep meaning inherent in it allows you to adapt the text to the changing socio- political realities within the framework of the “living constitution” doctrine adopted in the world constitutional practice. Reliance on this doctrine makes it possible, without distorting the essence of the legal meaning embodied in the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, to identify its relevance in the context of modern social and political realities. [5]
Thus, the Constitution of the Russian Federation is a unique regulatory act, allowing to maintain stability and public order. Despite all its flaws, it plays an important role in the modern world. It is necessary to strive to reduce the gap between legal regulations and actual indicators in order to begin to live fully according to the Constitution and to gain the Russian Federation its high and firm place in the global world.[6]
References:
- Статья 15 Конституции Российской Федерации
- Статья 15 Конституции Российской Федерации
- Журнал «Черные дыры в российском законодательстве»//Конституции и уставы субъектов Российской Федерации как акты не федерального уровня: проблемы теории и практики//Малиненко Э. В.//Номер 6 с 48–50
- Журнал «Бизнес. Образование. Право»//«К вопросу о местном самоуправлении в конституциях республик Российской Федерации»// Номер 2/43/c. 285–289 2018 г.// Малиненко Э. В.
- «Буква и дух Конституции» Зорькин В. Д.
- «Конституция как источник права субъекта Российской Федерации» Малиненко Э. В.//В сборнике: Право и политика: теоретические и практические проблемы сборник материалов 1 Международной научно-политической конференции //Ответственный редактор: А. М. Малько; Рязанский государственный университет им.С. А. Есенина //2012 с 187–190
