Usage of psycho-regulating training for the increased level of psychological preparation of sportsmen



The study is aimed at identifying the level of trait anxiety of young people aged 17–19 years old, involved in cyclic aerobic exercise. In this case, the application of psycho-regulatory techniques in the process of revealed its beneficial effects on psycho-emotional state, reduced anxiety, and had a positive effect on athletic performance.

Psycho-regulating training is one of the methods of psychotherapy, which lets a sportsmen control their emoutions [1,p.5]. However, the usage of psychotherapy techniques (PRT) in the process of sportsmen training is not paid proper attention to, therefore, the aim of the research work is to study the influence of psycho-regulating on techniques psycho-emotional state sportsmens and exactly on the level of their personal anxiety after the performance of great amount of physical load of aerobic character [2, p. 94–106].

In the research students-sportsmen aged 17–19 (56 persons) took part. The level of personal anxiety was detained by Spilberg — Khanin method. Before the training class the group answered the questions concerning their psycho-emotional state at that given moment. Then, the students were doing training tasks due to the coach`s plan. The students completed some aerobic tasks. These aerobic tasks were done 4 times a week during a month. After the training class sportsmen completed a session of psycho-regulating autogenic techniques.

The session began with the instructions on self-calming and mobilization, in this case the same definite phrases were pronounced. After the session the level of students’ anxiety personal of was tested.

Table 1 presents the results of defining the level of sportsmen`s personal anxiety before and after their training. The results show the positive dynamics in all the cases.

For example after the training psycho-regulatory, 50 % of sportsmen gave a negative answer to the question «I get upset easily», whereas at the beginning their quantity was 31 %.

Table 1

The students with different anxiety level

№	Statement	No, it isn`t so		It may be so		It`s true		Quite right
		%
		Before PRT	After PRT	Before PRT	After PRT	Before PRT	After PRT	Before PRT	After PRT
1.	I may be in high spirits	0	25	15	25	39	12	46	38
2.	I may be nervous	15	14	39	43	23	29	23	14
3.	I get upset quickly	31	50	38	25	23	25	8	0
4.	I`d like to be as lucky as the rest of the people	54	43	28	28	25	0	23	29
5.	I`m very much troubled about unpleasant things and can`t forget about them for long	54	43	15	28	23	29	8	0
6.	I feel surge of energy and I am eager to work	31	0	38	71	23	0	8	29
7.	I`m calm and concentrated	23	14	46	72	23	0	8	14
8.	I worry about possible difficulties	23	14	46	72	29	14	8	0
9.	I`m too troubled about nonsense	62	28	23	29	15	43	0	0
10.	I can be absolutely happy	0	14	23	43	46	29	31	14
11.	I take everything close to the heart	23	29	54	57	15	14	8	0
12.	I feel lack of self-confidence	62	57	23	43	15	0	0	0
13.	I feel defenseless	85	86	20	14	15	0	0	0
14.	I try to avoid critical situations	8	14	46	72	31	0	15	14
15.	I can experience spleen	72	43	14	43	7	14	7	0
16.	I may be satisfied	8	0	0	43	50	14	42	43
17.	Any nonsense may distract and trouble me	46	57	54	14	0	29	0	0
18.	I may feel a looser	54	33	31	67	15	0	0	0
19.	I`m a well-balanced person	34	14	8	14	33	43	25	29
20.	I worry when I am thinking about my affairs and cares	46	29	31	57	23	0	0	14

For sportsmen it`s very important to feel surge of energy and strength, to be in high spirits in order to complete training tasks successfully. However, it`s very difficult to preserve positive emotions in a modern style of life. The usage of psycho-regulating training helps to overcome stresses. Before the class 31 % of students answered the question “I feel surge of wish and energy” negatively, but after the training there was no one negative answer.

A sports is not only the reflection of the moral and physical qualities of sportsmen but mastering of tactic struggle. Therefore, any sportsman should control his/her emotions for a more successful competition. All the tasks can be done at training sessions where the methods of PRT are used. Using the PRT correctly we can achieve full harmony of the inner world with the outer one. 75 % of students answered “I`m calm and concentrated” after a class with the usage of PRT. There were no students with the answer “I feel lack of self-confidence” after the given class.

Any person should get satisfaction in his professional career for achieving further success and goals. For this purpose it`s important for people to analyze their previous achievements. All sportsmen have to overcome their anxiety while training. Therefore, positive motivation is very important for them. It is good for people sport activities. During the research work the increase of inner satisfaction was observed with all the participants of the survey. The data show that only 10 % of students answered “I am satisfied” before the PRT-training and all the students were satisfied after the PRT-training.

In the course of the research it was found that all sportsmen recreate well after hard physical training with the help of psycho-regulating sessions. Besides, they obtain positive emotional background, motivation for further training. They get not only energy resources but do not feel psycho-emotional loss. All the positive change in sportsmen`s psycho-emotional state caused by PRT lead to the growth of sport competitive result in the long run, they influence general physical and psychical state of any sportsman. Using the means of PRT we can avoid negative consequences of stress and mobilize sportsmen for the further sporting competitive activities.

To sum it all up, we can say that mastering the methods of psychological self-regulation is an important part of sport training. Thus, the usage of PRT methods may be recommended to coaches and sportsmen as an important component in the system of training of high class athletes.

References:

1. Schultz I. G. Autogenous training. Moscow, Medicine, 1985. 5 p.
2. Hanin Y. L. The study of anxiety in sport / / Questions of psychology. 1978. № 6. P. 94–106.