К вопросу о стратегическом исследовании экологически устойчивого развития экономики на основе освоения морских ресурсов

С развитием науки и технологии Китая все большее значение приобретает экологически устойчивое развитие экономики, связанной с освоением морских ресурсов. В данной статье рассматривается настоящее положение дел в данной области, ставятся проблемы загрязнения окружающей среды и предлагаются пути их решения.

Ключевые слова: экологически устойчивое развитие; экономика; морские ресурсы; КНР; РФ; стратегия.

With the expanding of marine science and technology of China, marine economy has become an important part of the national economy. However, the sustainability of the marine resources is under unprecedented challenges although the development and utilization of the marine resource can be used to promote the national economy to a certain degree. In view of the situation and existing problems, this paper puts forward some suggestions and solutions.

Keywords: sustainable development; marine resources; China; Russia; strategy.

Introduction

Sustainable development being a new development concept and strategy, which can change confrontation between human and nature into a harmonious relationship. It requires the development of social and economic issues and must be coordinated with the utilization of resources and environmental protection [1]. Based on meeting the needs of modern people. The idea of sustainable development is in line with the economic, social and ecological system. Meanwhile, it has a revolutionary progress in the history of human development.

This study was carried out to employ practical recommendations for the rational utilization of natural resources based on the criterion of social and personal stability [2]. In China’s and Russia’s national history, ocean strategy plays a very important and unique role.

Findings

This part mainly introduces three contradictions, which are some primary issues in this present situation.

- The scarcity of marine resources. Catastrophic pollution of water, air, soil and depletion of mineral deposits shows the limit of natural marine resources [3]. Take Russia’s fishery resources for example, as we can see from following chart, Russia’s fishing production volume has been growing rapidly in recent years. In addition, policy and capital are the most important factors that affect the development of Russian fisheries [4].

Fig. 1. Fishing Capacity/Million Tons

-The inflexible management system, including stereotypes of administration and deficient economic indicators led to huge economic contraction. In addition, formal management practices resulted in low efficiency of production, a drop in living standards and its significant differentiation across regions [5].

-The conflicts between environmental protection and economic development. On the one hand, rational person always pursue the maximum benefit even regardless of the expense of the environment [6]. On the other hand, it is impossible to ignore the threat for mankind’s health and normal life.

Discussion

It is necessary strengthen the ocean consciousness and establish the development goals of marine resources, to carry out ocean campaign and build a universal marine national condition education environment. Reasonable development and utilization of marine resources are beneficial to improving the availability and protection of the marine environment [7]. Meanwhile, more attention should be paid to the increase of investment into marine science and technology.

Government and related departments ought to formulate effective plan and strategy of marine sustainable development [8]. Especially, this plan needs to be combined with national conditions as well as implemented stage by stage.

Besides, the government investment in environmental pollution control is also a very important aspect. For instance, as we can see from the following table, from 2005-2014, Chinese government poured the money into the control of environmental pollution more and more every year, but the growth rate is slow. In fact, for a long term, Chinese environment protection investment of GDP is always less than 2%. To realize the goal of environmental protection in China, in the case of maintaining rapid economic growth, the key is to ensure environmental protection put in place. Over the past 10 years of environmental protection effectively restrained the pollution of the environment rapidly. For the next 10 years, if the control of environmental pollution, will be improved environmental quality, environmental protection investment as a share of GDP should be raised to 2% - 3%, and strive to reach 3%. Industrial pollution control investment accounted for the proportion of investment in fixed assets should increase to 5% to 6% [9].

Table 1

Investment of Environmental Pollution Control in China, 2005-2014, millions RMB

Marine resources are indispensable for the marine economy. Nevertheless, people always ignore the importance of environment and natural resources in order to get economic profits. Implementation of the sustainable development of the marine economy is the ultimate goal of the development of the marine economy [10]. The limitation of marine resources and the inclusion of the marine environment require that every country should make a reasonable strategy of marine sustainable development.

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